Drug molecules with poor aqueous solubility are prevalent in research and development work of most of the pharmaceutical companies. Such drugs particularly delivered via oral route, leads to the poor bioavailability and efficacy of drug molecule. Pharmaceutical co-crystals are crystalline molecular complexes containing therapeutic molecules. Co-crystallization alters the molecular interactions and composition of pharmaceutical materials and is considered better alternatives to optimize drug properties. These can be constructed through several types of interaction, including hydrogen bonding, pi-stacking, and van der waals forces. Crystal engineering approaches, which can potentially be applied to a wide range of crystalline materials, offer an alternative and potentially fruitful method for improving the solubility, dissolution rate, hygroscopicity, bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs and the physical stability of moisture liable APIs. This technology is used to identify and develop new proprietary forms of widely prescribed drugs. Co-crystals not only provide a technique for improvement of physiochemical property but also provide opportunity to the researchers of Pharmaceutical companies regarding intellectual property.
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